Singapore’s government has launched an official hydrogen strategy for the island nation. Ammonia plays a key role in the maritime sector’s multi-fuel transition, with other direct uses emerging in Singapore’s energy future: fertiliser, industrial feedstock and power generation.
Vopak Singapore will explore options to expand ammonia infrastructure at its Banyan terminal on Jurong Island, Singapore. Vopak has been investigating infrastructure upgrades to enable maritime ammonia bunker fuel in Singapore since 2020, and will invest €1 billion by 2030 into “new energies”, including low-carbon and renewable hydrogen & ammonia. In the Netherlands, Vopak is currently converting two existing refrigerated LPG storage tanks to receive ammonia imports at the North Sea port of Vlissingen.
MHI, Keppel Infrastructure and DNV have agreed to explore the feasibility and deployment of a 100% ammonia-fired gas turbine on Jurong Island, Singapore. In Indonesia, MHI and Bandung Institute of Technology will work together to demonstrate 100% ammonia firing with MHI’s H-25 Series, 40 MW gas turbine.
The governments of Australia and Singapore have signed a new, bilateral trade & energy agreement. Together, the two countries will cooperate on maritime decarbonisation, green corridor development, R&D and the certification of clean hydrogen & ammonia.
The pair will explore a new, 250,000-tonnes-per-year renewable ammonia production facility in India, powered by 1.3 GW of solar, wind and pumped hydro generating capacity. The ammonia will be used for “demand for low carbon energy” in India and Singapore, and also as bunker fuel. In related news, Indian energy major Jakson Green has announced it will build a $2.8 billion, 365,000 tonnes per year renewable ammonia production plant in Kota, northern India.
Saudi-based ACWA Power has signed agreements to explore the overseas production of hydrogen & ammonia with two organisations: South Korean power utility KEPCO, and government-owned finance body the Industrial Development Corporation of South Africa.
Nanyang Technical University, the Singapore Maritime Institute, ASTI and the American Bureau of Shipping have released their long-awaited report into safety considerations for ammonia bunkering. The report identifies the highest-risk bunkering scenarios, uses theoretical release simulations to determine maximum impact distances, and outlines the key requirements for developing mitigation measures going forward.